{"id":2930,"date":"2026-02-25T15:53:24","date_gmt":"2026-02-25T14:53:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/?page_id=2930"},"modified":"2026-02-25T16:04:51","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T15:04:51","slug":"rsync-synchronisation-de-fichiers-sous-linux","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/rsync-synchronisation-de-fichiers-sous-linux\/","title":{"rendered":"rsync &#8211; synchronisation de fichiers sous Linux"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p><em><strong>rsync<\/strong> remote synchronization, en fran\u00e7ais&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;synchronisation distante&nbsp;\u00bb est un logiciel libre de synchronisation de fichiers, distribu\u00e9 sous licence GNU GPL. La synchronisation est unidirectionnelle, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire qu&rsquo;elle copie les fichiers de la source en direction de la destination. rsync est donc utilis\u00e9 pour r\u00e9aliser des sauvegardes incr\u00e9mentielles ou diff\u00e9rentielles ou pour diffuser le contenu d&rsquo;un r\u00e9pertoire de r\u00e9f\u00e9rence.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><em>Wikip\u00e9dia<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exemples d&rsquo;utilisations rencontr\u00e9s lors de l&rsquo;installation de serveurs<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -avP piwigo\/ \/var\/www\/html\/mon_serveur<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette commande synchronise le contenu du dossier local piwigo\/ vers le dossier \/var\/www\/html\/mon_serveur\/ sur le m\u00eame syst\u00e8me ou un syst\u00e8me distant.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>-a<\/strong>&nbsp;: Mode \u00ab\u00a0archive\u00a0\u00bb. Conserve les permissions, les propri\u00e9taires, les timestamps et les liens symboliques. \u00c9quivaut \u00e0 -rlptgoD.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>-v<\/strong>&nbsp;: Mode \u00ab\u00a0verbose\u00a0\u00bb. Affiche les fichiers transf\u00e9r\u00e9s.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>-P<\/strong>&nbsp;: Affiche la progression du transfert et reprend les transferts interrompus.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>piwigo\/<\/strong>&nbsp;: Dossier source (le \/ final signifie que seul le contenu du dossier est copi\u00e9, pas le dossier lui-m\u00eame).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\/var\/www\/html\/mon_serveur<\/strong>&nbsp;: Dossier de destination.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -avP --exclude='LocalSettings.php' --exclude='images' --exclude='uploads' mediawiki-1.43.0\/ \/var\/www\/html\/wikimv\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>Cette commande synchronise le contenu du dossier mediawiki-1.43.0\/ vers \/var\/www\/html\/wikimv\/, en excluant certains fichiers ou dossiers.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&#8211;exclude=&rsquo;LocalSettings.php&rsquo;<\/strong>&nbsp;: Exclut le fichier LocalSettings.php du transfert.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>&#8211;exclude=&rsquo;images&rsquo;<\/strong>&nbsp;: Exclut le dossier images du transfert.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>&#8211;exclude=&rsquo;uploads&rsquo;<\/strong>&nbsp;: Exclut le dossier uploads du transfert.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Autres exemples pertinents<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Synchronisation vers un serveur distant via SSH<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -avz -e ssh \/dossier\/local\/ utilisateur@serveur:\/chemin\/distant\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>-z<\/strong>&nbsp;: Compresse les donn\u00e9es pendant le transfert.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>-e ssh<\/strong>&nbsp;: Utilise SSH pour le transfert s\u00e9curis\u00e9.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Synchronisation avec suppression des fichiers obsol\u00e8tes<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -av --delete \/dossier\/source\/ \/dossier\/destination\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&#8211;delete<\/strong>&nbsp;: Supprime les fichiers dans le dossier de destination qui n\u2019existent plus dans la source.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Limitation de la bande passante<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -av --bwlimit=1000 \/dossier\/source\/ \/dossier\/destination\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&#8211;bwlimit=1000<\/strong>&nbsp;: Limite la bande passante \u00e0 1000 Ko\/s.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Synchronisation en mode \u00ab\u00a0dry run\u00a0\u00bb (simulation)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -avn \/dossier\/source\/ \/dossier\/destination\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>-n<\/strong>&nbsp;: Mode \u00ab\u00a0dry run\u00a0\u00bb. Affiche ce qui serait fait sans effectuer de modifications.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Synchronisation avec conservation des liens symboliques<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -avL \/dossier\/source\/ \/dossier\/destination\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>-L<\/strong>&nbsp;: Copie les fichiers point\u00e9s par les liens symboliques plut\u00f4t que les liens eux-m\u00eames.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Synchronisation avec exclusion par motif<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -av --exclude='*.log' \/dossier\/source\/ \/dossier\/destination\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&#8211;exclude=&rsquo;*.log&rsquo;<\/strong>&nbsp;: Exclut tous les fichiers avec l\u2019extension .log.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Synchronisation avec inclusion s\u00e9lective<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">rsync -av --include='*.txt' --exclude='*' \/dossier\/source\/ \/dossier\/destination\/<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>&#8211;include=&rsquo;*.txt&rsquo;<\/strong>&nbsp;: N\u2019inclut que les fichiers .txt.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>&#8211;exclude=&rsquo;*&rsquo;<\/strong>&nbsp;: Exclut tout le reste.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Tableau r\u00e9capitulatif des options courantes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><th>Option<\/th><th>Description<\/th><\/tr><tr><td><code>-a<\/code><\/td><td>Mode archive (conserve les permissions, timestamps, etc.)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-v<\/code><\/td><td>Mode verbeux (affiche les fichiers transf\u00e9r\u00e9s)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-P<\/code><\/td><td>Affiche la progression et reprend les transferts interrompus<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-z<\/code><\/td><td>Compresse les donn\u00e9es pendant le transfert<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>--delete<\/code><\/td><td>Supprime les fichiers obsol\u00e8tes dans la destination<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>--exclude<\/code><\/td><td>Exclut des fichiers ou dossiers sp\u00e9cifiques<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>--bwlimit<\/code><\/td><td>Limite la bande passante utilis\u00e9e<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-n<\/code><\/td><td>Mode \u00ab\u00a0dry run\u00a0\u00bb (simulation)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><code>-e ssh<\/code><\/td><td>Utilise SSH pour le transfert s\u00e9curis\u00e9<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-alpha-channel-opacity is-style-wide\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bonnes pratiques<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Testez toujours avec -n<\/strong> avant d\u2019ex\u00e9cuter une commande rsync pour \u00e9viter les erreurs.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Utilisez SSH<\/strong> pour les transferts distants afin de s\u00e9curiser les donn\u00e9es.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Excluez les fichiers sensibles<\/strong> (comme les fichiers de configuration ou les bases de donn\u00e9es) pour \u00e9viter les \u00e9crasements accidentels.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>rsync remote synchronization, en fran\u00e7ais&nbsp;: \u00ab&nbsp;synchronisation distante&nbsp;\u00bb est un logiciel libre de synchronisation de fichiers, distribu\u00e9 sous licence GNU GPL. La synchronisation est unidirectionnelle, c&rsquo;est-\u00e0-dire qu&rsquo;elle copie les fichiers de la source en direction de la destination. rsync est donc utilis\u00e9 pour r\u00e9aliser des sauvegardes incr\u00e9mentielles ou diff\u00e9rentielles ou pour diffuser le contenu d&rsquo;un r\u00e9pertoire [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2930","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2930","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2930"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2930\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2939,"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2930\/revisions\/2939"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2930"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}