{"id":2933,"date":"2026-02-25T15:57:33","date_gmt":"2026-02-25T14:57:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/?page_id=2933"},"modified":"2026-02-25T16:01:32","modified_gmt":"2026-02-25T15:01:32","slug":"les-liens-symboliques-avec-le-shell-bash","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/les-liens-symboliques-avec-le-shell-bash\/","title":{"rendered":"Les liens symboliques avec le Shell Bash"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Introduction aux liens symboliques<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un lien symbolique&nbsp;?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Un lien symbolique (ou symlink) est un fichier sp\u00e9cial qui pointe vers un autre fichier ou r\u00e9pertoire, comme un raccourci sous Windows.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Un lien symbolique peut pointer vers des fichiers ou r\u00e9pertoires sur des syst\u00e8mes de fichiers diff\u00e9rents.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c0 quoi servent-ils&nbsp;?<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Organisation<\/strong>&nbsp;: Acc\u00e9der rapidement \u00e0 un fichier ou r\u00e9pertoire sans dupliquer son contenu.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Compatibilit\u00e9<\/strong>&nbsp;: Permettre \u00e0 des programmes de trouver des fichiers \u00e0 un emplacement standardis\u00e9.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>Flexibilit\u00e9<\/strong>&nbsp;: Modifier la cible du lien sans toucher aux programmes qui l\u2019utilisent.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Cr\u00e9er un lien symbolique avec Bash<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Syntaxe de base<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>ln -s [fichier_cible] [nom_du_lien]<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><code>-s<\/code>&nbsp;: Indique la cr\u00e9ation d\u2019un lien symbolique.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>[fichier_cible]<\/code>&nbsp;: Chemin absolu ou relatif vers le fichier ou r\u00e9pertoire cible.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><code>[nom_du_lien]<\/code>&nbsp;: Nom du lien symbolique \u00e0 cr\u00e9er<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exemple 1&nbsp;: Lien vers un fichier<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ln -s \/chemin\/vers\/fichier.txt mon_lien.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cr\u00e9e un lien nomm\u00e9 <code>mon_lien.txt<\/code> pointant vers <code>\/chemin\/vers\/fichier.txt<\/code>.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Exemple 2&nbsp;: Lien vers un r\u00e9pertoire<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ln -s \/chemin\/vers\/dossier mon_lien_dossier<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Cr\u00e9e un lien nomm\u00e9 <code>mon_lien_dossier<\/code> pointant vers <code>\/chemin\/vers\/dossier.<\/code><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00e9rifier un lien symbolique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Afficher la cible d\u2019un lien<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>ls -l [nom_du_lien]<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exemple&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ls -l mon_lien.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e9sultat&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">lrwxrwxrwx 1 user user 15 juin  10 10:00 mon_lien.txt -&gt; \/chemin\/vers\/fichier.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Le <code>\u2192<\/code> indique la cible du lien.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">V\u00e9rifier si un fichier est un lien symbolique<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>file [nom_du_lien]<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exemple&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">file mon_lien.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>R\u00e9sultat&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">mon_lien.txt: symbolic link to \/chemin\/vers\/fichier.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Supprimer un lien symbolique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Utiliser unlink<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>unlink [nom_du_lien]<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Exemple&nbsp;:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">unlink mon_lien.txt<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Utiliser rm<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p><code>rm [nom_du_lien]<\/code><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Attention&nbsp;: <code>rm<\/code> supprime le lien, pas la cible.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Modifier un lien symbolique<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Il n\u2019existe pas de commande directe pour modifier un lien symbolique. Il faut&nbsp;:<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ol class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Supprimer l\u2019ancien lien.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Recr\u00e9er un nouveau lien avec la nouvelle cible.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Bonnes pratiques et pi\u00e8ges \u00e0 \u00e9viter<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Utiliser des chemins absolus ou relatifs&nbsp;?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Chemin absolu&nbsp;: Plus fiable, mais moins portable.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ln -s \/home\/user\/dossier lien<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Chemin relatif&nbsp;: Plus portable, mais d\u00e9pend de l\u2019emplacement du lien.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<pre class=\"wp-block-preformatted\">ln -s ..\/dossier lien<\/pre>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9viter les boucles infinies<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Ne cr\u00e9ez pas de lien symbolique qui pointe vers lui-m\u00eame ou vers un parent qui le contient.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Permissions et droits<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Les permissions d\u2019un lien symbolique ne comptent pas&nbsp;: ce sont celles de la cible qui s\u2019appliquent.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Introduction aux liens symboliques Qu\u2019est-ce qu\u2019un lien symbolique&nbsp;? \u00c0 quoi servent-ils&nbsp;? Cr\u00e9er un lien symbolique avec Bash Syntaxe de base ln -s [fichier_cible] [nom_du_lien] Exemple 1&nbsp;: Lien vers un fichier ln -s \/chemin\/vers\/fichier.txt mon_lien.txt Exemple 2&nbsp;: Lien vers un r\u00e9pertoire ln -s \/chemin\/vers\/dossier mon_lien_dossier V\u00e9rifier un lien symbolique Afficher la cible d\u2019un lien ls -l [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-2933","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2933","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2933"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2933\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2936,"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/2933\/revisions\/2936"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/artheodoc.fr\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2933"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}